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Photographic Drawings

The 'Photographic Drawings' are digital prints that David Hockney pieced together from photographs taken in his Los Angeles studio between 2014 and 2018. Friends, chairs, trolleys and his own paintings fill the scenes. Most are printed on paper and mounted on aluminium composite panels.

All Photographic Drawings Works By David Hockney (4)

Significance & Analysis

In the photographic drawings Hockney turned the camera against a single-point perspective. "Ordinary photography is too flat," he said in 2015. Because "each photograph has a vanishing point", a picture built from hundreds of them has many, and he called the results "3D photographs without the glasses".

The studio pictures of 2014 and 2015

Hockney returned to Los Angeles in 2013 after a decade painting landscapes in East Yorkshire, and began painting friends, assistants and visitors in his studio. The paintings came first: of his card players he said that painting them "helped me work out how to photograph them". 'A Bigger Card Players' is based on Cézanne's paintings of men around a card table, with Hockney's own painting 'Card Players #3' hanging behind the sitters. In 'Perspective Should Be Reversed' the title is written on the table itself, with "especially in photography" added by hand. Five of the photographic drawings were shown with new paintings at Pace in New York in the winter of 2014 to 2015.

Drawing in three dimensions, 2017 and 2018

From 2017 Hockney and his assistant Jonathan Wilkinson photographed the paintings, furniture and easels of the studio from every side, thousands of photographs in all. New software allowed him to place, light and move each object in three dimensions. 'In The Studio, December 2017' shows him standing at the centre of the room, surrounded by his paintings. 'Viewers Looking at a Ready-made with Skull and Mirrors' draws on van Eyck's 'Ghent Altarpiece' and Bruegel's 'Tower of Babel': onlookers circle a tower of trolleys topped by a skull, repeated in mirrors on the facing walls. In 'Focus Moving' the words "moving focus" appear four times in the background, turning round the title of his 'Moving Focus' prints of 1984 to 1987.

Before and after

The method went back to the 'Photographic Collages (Joiners)' of 1982 to 1984, in which every photograph stayed visible as a separate print. In the photographic drawings the photographs were stitched together digitally into a single picture. Hockney carried the idea into the 2020s: in '25th June 2022, Looking at the Flowers (Framed)', an edition of 15, he appears twice in front of twenty of his flower still lifes. Of that work he said that "you have to look at these through time (unlike an ordinary photograph which you see all at once)."

At auction

Phillips New York sold number 25 of 25 of 'Viewers Looking at a Ready-made with Skull and Mirrors' for $157,500 in April 2022. 'Pictured Gathering With Mirror' made $107,100 at Phillips New York in October 2022 and $120,650 there in April 2023. At Phillips London's David Hockney sale on 21 September 2023, 'Inside It Opens Up As Well' made £63,500 and 'Sparer Chairs' £50,800. In Hong Kong, Phillips sold 'Perspective Should Be Reversed' for HK$571,500 in October 2023 and 'Two Chairs With People' for HK$444,500 in May 2025. All these figures include fees.

What Edition Sizes Were the Photographic Drawings Issued In?

Most were editions of 25: 'The Chairs', '4 Blue Stools', 'Sparer Chairs', 'The Potted Palm', 'The Red Table', 'Two Chairs With People', 'Perspective Should Be Reversed', 'JP, JM, JW In The Studio', 'In The Studio, December 2017', 'Pictured Gathering With Mirror', 'Seven Trollies, Six And A Half Stools, Six Portraits, Eleven Paintings, And Two Curtains', 'Inside It Opens Up As Well', 'Focus Moving', 'Viewers Looking at a Ready-made with Skull and Mirrors' and 'Pictures at an Exhibition'. 'A Bigger Card Players' was an edition of 12. Hockney published the editions himself.

Were Some Photographic Drawings Made at Mural Size?

Yes. Several 2017 and 2018 images exist both as editions of 25, about 83 x 228 cm, and as mural-size versions printed across several sheets. 'In The Studio, December 2017' was issued on seven sheets measuring 274.3 x 762 cm overall, in an edition of 12, and 'Pictures at an Exhibition' on eight sheets of 274.3 x 873.7 cm, also an edition of 12. Hockney showed seven-panel mural prints of 'Seven Trollies, Six And A Half Stools, Six Portraits, Eleven Paintings, And Two Curtains' and 'Inside It Opens Up As Well' at the Royal Academy's Summer Exhibition in 2018.

Why Did Hockney Call Them Drawings?

Because he built them slowly, the way he drew, rather than taking them in a single exposure. He revised and reconsidered each element, much as he would in a painting or drawing, and from 2017 he spent hours at the computer arranging images and drawing in three dimensions. He described the result as "a combination of photography and drawing and printing, each bringing out the best in the other."

Why Is Focus Moving Not Rectangular?

In 2018 Hockney turned away from square and rectangular formats. Most of the 18 paintings he showed at Pace in New York that spring were on hexagonal canvases, and 'Focus Moving' has the same six-sided outline, printed on a sheet of 89.9 x 115 cm and mounted on shaped Dibond. Its picture of seven numbered trolleys and three stools on a gridded floor has receding lines that never meet at a single point.

David Hockney Series

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20 Flowers and Some Bigger Pictures
20 Flowers and Some Bigger Pictures1 work
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220 for 2020 (TASCHEN)
220 for 2020 (TASCHEN)5 works
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23 Lithographs 1978–1980 (Tyler Graphics)
23 Lithographs 1978–1980 (Tyler Graphics)12 works
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A Bigger Book (TASCHEN)
A Bigger Book (TASCHEN)6 works
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A Hollywood Collection
A Hollywood Collection7 works
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A Rake's Progress
A Rake's Progress15 works
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A Series of Hand Drawn Lithographs from 1979–80
A Series of Hand Drawn Lithographs from 1979–806 works
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A Simple Heart (Gustave Flaubert)
A Simple Heart (Gustave Flaubert)3 works
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Celia and Ann Lithographs (Gemini G.E.L. 1979–81)
Celia and Ann Lithographs (Gemini G.E.L. 1979–81)15 works
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Celia Etchings (Petersburg Press, 1974–76)
Celia Etchings (Petersburg Press, 1974–76)6 works
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Ceramic Ashtrays
Ceramic Ashtrays3 works
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Dogs and Sunflowers (Lococo Mulder, 1995)
Dogs and Sunflowers (Lococo Mulder, 1995)3 works
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Dog Wall (Dog Etchings)
Dog Wall (Dog Etchings)14 works
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Drawing in a Printing Machine (Computer Drawings)
Drawing in a Printing Machine (Computer Drawings)15 works
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Eine, Deux, Très
Eine, Deux, Très3 works
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Friends (Gemini G.E.L. 1976–77)
Friends (Gemini G.E.L. 1976–77)16 works
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Home Made Prints
Home Made Prints26 works
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Illustrations for Fourteen Poems from C.P. Cavafy
Illustrations for Fourteen Poems from C.P. Cavafy13 works
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Illustrations for Six Fairy Tales from the Brothers Grimm
Illustrations for Six Fairy Tales from the Brothers Grimm37 works
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iPhone and iPad Drawings (2009–2012)
iPhone and iPad Drawings (2009–2012)8 works
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Moving Focus
Moving Focus28 works
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My Normandy (Ma Normandie)
My Normandy (Ma Normandie)13 works
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My Window (TASCHEN)
My Window (TASCHEN)5 works
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Painted Environment
Painted Environment3 works
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Photographic Collages (Joiners)
Photographic Collages (Joiners)35 works
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Photographic Drawings
Photographic Drawings4 works
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Recent Etchings (1998)
Recent Etchings (1998)9 works
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Remember You Cannot Look at the Sun or Death for Very Long (CIRCA)
Remember You Cannot Look at the Sun or Death for Very Long (CIRCA)1 work
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Snails Space
Snails Space5 works
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Some New Prints & Some More New Prints
Some New Prints & Some More New Prints12 works
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The Arrival of Spring in Woldgate, East Yorkshire in 2011 (Twenty Eleven)
The Arrival of Spring in Woldgate, East Yorkshire in 2011 (Twenty Eleven)47 works
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The Blue Guitar
The Blue Guitar19 works
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The Weather Series (1973)
The Weather Series (1973)11 works
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The Yosemite Suite
The Yosemite Suite26 works
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Twenty Photographic Pictures
Twenty Photographic Pictures14 works
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Tyler Graphics Lithographs (1990–91)
Tyler Graphics Lithographs (1990–91)7 works